Search results for " 16TH CENTURY"

2500 Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility

2011

Climate variations influenced the agricultural productivity, health risk, and conflict level of preindustrial societies. Discrimination between environmental and anthropogenic impacts on past civilizations, however, remains difficult because of the paucity of high-resolution paleoclimatic evidence. We present tree ring-based reconstructions of central European summer precipitation and temperature variability over the past 2500 years. Recent warming is unprecedented, but modern hydroclimatic variations may have at times been exceeded in magnitude and duration. Wet and warm summers occurred during periods of Roman and medieval prosperity. Increased climate variability from similar to 250 to 6…

Learning from the past in the COVID-19 era: rediscovery of quarantine, previous pandemics, origin of hospitals and national healthcare systems, and e…

2020

Abstract After the dramatic coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on 11 March 2020, a pandemic was declared by the WHO. Most countries worldwide imposed a quarantine or lockdown to their citizens, in an attempt to prevent uncontrolled infection from spreading. Historically, quarantine is the 40-day period of forced isolation to prevent the spread of an infectious disease. In this educational paper, a historical overview from the sacred temples of ancient Greece—the cradle of medicine—to modern hospitals, along with the conceive of healthcare systems, is provided. A few foods for thought as to the conflict between ethics in medicine and shortage of personne…

The main trends in the palaeodemography of the 7th-18th century population of Latvia

2006

The study represents palaeodemographic research of osteological material of 3304 individuals from the funds of the Anthropological Laboratory of the Institute of History of the University of Latvia in Riga, dating from the 7 th to the 18 th century AD. Compensated life expectancy at birth is varying between 20.3 and 22.2 years during the research period. Crude mortality has changed between 49.3 and 45 %o. In the early period (7 th - 13 th century) there is a significant male prevalence (2.2 - 1.4); female life expectancy at the age of 20 is on average 6.6 years less than for males. This difference decreases to 5.4 years in the 13 th - 18 th century. According to historical demography, femal…

DaVinci's Mona Lisa entering the next dimension.

2013

For several of Leonardo da Vinci's paintings, such as The Virgin and Child with St Anne or the Mona Lisa, there exist copies produced by his own studio. In case of the Mona Lisa, a quite exceptional, rediscovered studio copy was presented to the public in 2012 by the Prado Museum in Madrid. Not only does it mirror its famous counterpart superficially; it also features the very same corrections to the lower layers, which indicates that da Vinci and the ‘copyist’ must have elaborated their panels simultaneously. On the basis of subjective (thirty-two participants estimated painter-model constellations) as well as objective data (analysis of trajectories between landmarks of both paintings), …

Prof. J. Lautenbacha angļu literaturas vēsture XVI. gadsimtenī

1922

IL CANTIERE DEL COMPLESSO CARMELITANO DELL’ANNUNZIATA A TRAPANI NELLA SECONDA METÀ DEL CINQUECENTO

2016

Il complesso carmelitano dell’Annunziata a Trapani, costituito dalla chiesa e dal convento annesso (oggi sede del Museo Regionale Agostino Pepoli), appare come un’architettura fortemente stratificata, frutto di una lunga e complessa vicenda progettuale che si snoda dal XIV secolo fino alla metà del Settecento. Il presente studio intende contribuire alla conoscenza del cantiere dell’Annunziata nella seconda metà del Cinquecento, un periodo ancora poco indagato dalle ricerche finora condotte sulla fabbrica, offrendo in particolare alcune riflessioni sui maestri impegnati nella costruzione del complesso architettonico, a partire dall’esame della documentazione relativa alla gestione amministra…

Jacopo Salemi: un modello ligneo per il monastero di San Nicolò l'Arena a Catania

2014

Jacopo Salemi, architetto e scultore proveniente dalla città di Castrogiovanni, il giorno 8 novembre 1563 a Catania, sottoscrive un contratto con la congregazione dei monaci benedettini per la costruzione di un modello in legno della chiesa San Nicolò l’Arena che si stava costruendo dal 1558 sul confine ovest della città. Il documento che regola l’incarico tra Salemi e i benedettini è datato 24 febbraio 1564 ed è custodito presso l’Archivio di Stato di Catania; tale documento rivela che il modello realizzato da Salemi sarebbe stato valutato da due esperti incaricati provenienti dalla città di Messina. Le ragioni di una tale commissione potrebbe essere stata connessa alla necessità di verifi…

A classification of European skulls from three time periods.

1987

We analyze the taxonomic structure of European populations at three time periods, the Early Middle Ages, the Late Middle Ages and the Recent Period. The data consist of sample means for 10 cranial variables based on 137, 108, and 183 samples for the three periods. Clustering by standard numerical taxonomic procedures reveals that the data are represented only poorly as hierarchic classifications. The clusters form significant and moderately strong associations with an arrangement of the samples by regions (geography) and by language family. Whereas during the early period, language family showed a stronger association with clusters based on cranial morphology, in the recent populations thes…

Ludovico Ariosto un Torquato Tasso: diplomdarbs

1941

Don Juan de Austria

2017

La voce, costruita su fonti archivistiche e bibliografiche, delinea la biografia di don Juan de Austria, mettendo in relazione dinamiche private con il più ampio contesto politico della monarchia spagnola nella seconda metà del XVI secolo The voice, built on archival and bibliographic sources, outlines the biography of don Juan de Austria, linking private dynamics with the broader political context of the Spanish monarchy in the second half of the sixteenth century